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詳解C#中如何訪問(wèn)私有成員

系統(tǒng) 3270 0

首先訪問(wèn)一個(gè)類(lèi)的私有成員不是什么好做法。大家都知道私有成員在外部是不能被訪問(wèn)的。一個(gè)類(lèi)中會(huì)存在很多私有成員:如私有字段、私有屬性、私有方法。對(duì)于私有成員造訪,可以套用下面這種非常好的方式去解決。

    
  1. private string name;
  2. public string Name
  3. {
  4. get
  5. {
  6. return name;
  7. }
  8. set
  9. {
  10. name=value;
  11. }
  12. }

但是有時(shí)候,源代碼是別人的,只提供給你dll。或者你去維護(hù)別人的代碼,源代碼卻有丟失。這樣的情況或許你想知道私有成員的值,甚至去想直接調(diào)用類(lèi)里面的私有方法。那怎么辦呢?在.net中訪問(wèn)私有成員不是很難,這篇文章提供幾個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的方法讓你如愿以償。

為了讓代碼用起來(lái)優(yōu)雅,使用擴(kuò)展方法去實(shí)現(xiàn)。

1、得到私有字段的值:

    
  1. public static TGetPrivateField<T>( this object instance, string fieldname)
  2. {
  3. BindingFlagsflag=BindingFlags.Instance|BindingFlags.NonPublic;
  4. Typetype=instance.GetType();
  5. FieldInfofield=type.GetField(fieldname,flag);
  6. return (T)field.GetValue(instance);
  7. }

2、得到私有屬性的值:

    
  1. public static TGetPrivateProperty<T>( this object instance, string propertyname)
  2. {
  3. BindingFlagsflag=BindingFlags.Instance|BindingFlags.NonPublic;
  4. Typetype=instance.GetType();
  5. PropertyInfofield=type.GetProperty(propertyname,flag);
  6. return (T)field.GetValue(instance, null );
  7. }

3、設(shè)置私有成員的值:

    
  1. public static void SetPrivateField( this objectinstance,stringfieldname,objectvalue)
  2. {
  3. BindingFlagsflag=BindingFlags.Instance|BindingFlags.NonPublic;
  4. Typetype=instance.GetType();
  5. FieldInfofield=type.GetField(fieldname,flag);
  6. field.SetValue(instance,value);
  7. }

4、設(shè)置私有屬性的值:

    
  1. public static void SetPrivateProperty( this objectinstance,stringpropertyname,objectvalue)
  2. {
  3. BindingFlagsflag=BindingFlags.Instance|BindingFlags.NonPublic;
  4. Typetype=instance.GetType();
  5. PropertyInfofield=type.GetProperty(propertyname,flag);
  6. field.SetValue(instance,value, null );
  7. }

5、調(diào)用私有方法:

    
  1. public static TCallPrivateMethod<T>( this object instance, string name, params object []param)
  2. {
  3. BindingFlagsflag=BindingFlags.Instance|BindingFlags.NonPublic;
  4. Typetype=instance.GetType();
  5. MethodInfomethod=type.GetMethod(name,flag);
  6. return (T)method.Invoke(instance,param);
  7. }

測(cè)試:

下面我們使用一個(gè)測(cè)試類(lèi),進(jìn)行測(cè)試。新建一個(gè)類(lèi)庫(kù)項(xiàng)目,測(cè)試的類(lèi)代碼如下:

    
  1. public class TestClass
  2. {
  3. public TestClass()
  4. {
  5. privatefield1=1;
  6. privatefield2=99;
  7. PrivateFieldA= "Lo" ;
  8. PrivateFieldB= "ve" ;
  9. }
  10. private int privatefield1;
  11. private int privatefield2;
  12. private string PrivateFieldA
  13. {
  14. get ;
  15. set ;
  16. }
  17. private string PrivateFieldB
  18. {
  19. get ;
  20. set ;
  21. }
  22. private int Add()
  23. {
  24. return privatefield1+privatefield2;
  25. }
  26. private string Join()
  27. {
  28. return PrivateFieldA+PrivateFieldB;
  29. }
  30. }

將上面類(lèi)庫(kù)的dll引入控制臺(tái)項(xiàng)目中。使用下面代碼去使用這個(gè)類(lèi)的私有成員:

    
  1. TestClassobj= new TestClass();
  2. System.Console.WriteLine( "私有字段" );
  3. System.Console.WriteLine(obj.GetPrivateField< int >( "privatefield1" ));
  4. System.Console.WriteLine(obj.GetPrivateField< int >( "privatefield2" ));
  5. System.Console.WriteLine( "私有屬性" );
  6. System.Console.WriteLine(obj.GetPrivateProperty< string >( "PrivateFieldA" ));
  7. System.Console.WriteLine(obj.GetPrivateProperty< string >( "PrivateFieldB" ));
  8. System.Console.WriteLine( "私有方法" );
  9. System.Console.WriteLine(obj.CallPrivateMethod< int >( "Add" , null ));
  10. System.Console.WriteLine(obj.CallPrivateMethod< string >( "Join" , null ));
  11. System.Console.WriteLine( "修改私有屬性" );
  12. obj.SetPrivateProperty( "PrivateFieldA" , "hello" );
  13. obj.SetPrivateProperty( "PrivateFieldB" , "world" );
  14. System.Console.WriteLine(obj.CallPrivateMethod< string >( "Join" , null ));
  15. System.Console.Read();

結(jié)果如下:

hhh

總結(jié):實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)類(lèi)私有成員的訪問(wèn)。

原文標(biāo)題: C#中訪問(wèn)私有成員

鏈接: http://www.cnblogs.com/zhuqil/archive/2010/07/25/Access-Private-Member.html

詳解C#中如何訪問(wèn)私有成員


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